SBI-0206965(AbMole,M2238)是一種ULK1/2的選擇性抑制劑,后續(xù)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)其對AMP激活蛋白激酶(AMPK)亦具有顯著抑制作用,其對AMPK的抑制效力接近Compound C(Dorsomorphin,一種可逆的AMPK選擇性抑制劑),生化表征表明SBI-0206965(CAS No.:1219168-18-9)為功能混合型抑制劑(既能結(jié)合游離蛋白也能結(jié)合蛋白-底物復(fù)合物,導(dǎo)致蛋白的催化活性受到抑制),其與AMPK激酶結(jié)構(gòu)域形成的共晶結(jié)構(gòu)顯示該分子以IIb型抑制劑方式結(jié)合于ATP結(jié)合口袋的部分區(qū)域。
在細(xì)胞實驗中,
SBI-0206965(AbMole,M2238)可劑量依賴性地抑制AMPK激活劑(如AICAR)誘導(dǎo)的ACC Ser212及ULK1 Ser555位點的磷酸化,并在肝細(xì)胞中以25 μM的濃度有效阻斷AMPK信號通路及脂質(zhì)合成[1, 2];在骨骼肌C2C12分化成肌管中,相同濃度范圍亦可抑制AMPK信號,但同時表現(xiàn)出對胰島素信號通路的非特異性干擾[1, 2]。在多種癌細(xì)胞系中,SBI-0206965展現(xiàn)出顯著的生物學(xué)效應(yīng):在胃癌KATOIII和SNU-5細(xì)胞中,其GI₅₀分別為490.70 nM和615.14 nM,并可誘導(dǎo)G₀/G₁期細(xì)胞積累及早晚期凋亡[3]。在腎透明細(xì)胞癌(ccRCC)細(xì)胞中,SBI-0206965通過抑制ULK1激酶活性阻斷自噬及戊糖磷酸通路通量,從而觸發(fā)細(xì)胞凋亡[4]。
此外,在PEDV病毒感染的細(xì)胞模型中,
SBI-0206965(AbMole,M2238)可抑制ULK1活性,進(jìn)而抑制病毒誘導(dǎo)的自噬及病毒復(fù)制[5]。SBI-0206965在神經(jīng)母細(xì)胞瘤SK-N-AS等腫瘤球模型(一種模擬3D微環(huán)境的腫瘤模型)中,可削弱球體生長與遷移能力;在TNF處理的成肌細(xì)胞中,
SBI-0206965(AbMole,M2238)可部分恢復(fù)受損肌生成過程,提示其在調(diào)控線粒體ROS依賴性自噬中的作用[6]。在動物實驗方面,SBI-0206965在大鼠和C57BL/6小鼠中經(jīng)口服給藥后迅速吸收,小鼠血漿和腦細(xì)胞外液的達(dá)峰時間在0.25–0.65 h內(nèi),腦組織分布系數(shù)約為0.6–0.9,表明其具備良好的腦穿透能力[7]。SBI-0206965在裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型(腎透明細(xì)胞癌ccRCC)中,給藥后可顯著抑制裸鼠體內(nèi)的腫瘤生長并誘導(dǎo)凋亡[4]。
參考文獻(xiàn)及鳴謝
[1] Ahwazi, D.; Neopane, K.; Markby, G. R.; et al. Investigation of the specificity and mechanism of action of the ULK1/AMPK inhibitor SBI-0206965. The Biochemical journal 2021, 478 (15), 2977-2997.
[2] Knudsen, J. R.; Madsen, A. B.; Persson, K. W.; et al. The ULK1/2 and AMPK Inhibitor SBI-0206965 Blocks AICAR and Insulin-Stimulated Glucose Transport. International journal of molecular sciences 2020, 21 (7).
[3] Alghamdi, M. A.; Deshpande, H. Dual Targeting of MEK1 and Akt Kinase Identified SBL-027 as a Promising Lead Candidate to Control Cell Proliferations in Gastric Cancer. Biotechnology and applied biochemistry 2025, 72 (4), 1006-1017.
[4] Lu, J.; Zhu, L.; Zheng, L. P.; et al. Overexpression of ULK1 Represents a Potential Diagnostic Marker for Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma and the Antitumor Effects of SBI-0206965. EBioMedicine 2018, 34, 85-93.
[5] Wang, J.; Kan, X.; Li, X.; et al. Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) infection activates AMPK and JNK through TAK1 to induce autophagy and enhance virus replication. Virulence 2022, 13 (1), 1697-1712.
[6] Chernyavskij, D. A.; Pletjushkina, O. Y.; Kashtanova, A. V.; et al. Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress and Mitophagy Activation Contribute to TNF-Dependent Impairment of Myogenesis. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) 2023, 12 (3).
[7] Desai, J. M.; Karve, A. S.; Gudelsky, G. A.; et al. Brain pharmacokinetics and metabolism of the AMP-activated protein kinase selective inhibitor SBI-0206965, an investigational agent for the treatment of glioblastoma. Investigational new drugs 2022, 40 (5), 944-952.