Resiniferatoxin(RTX,超強(qiáng)辣素,AbMole,M8144)是一種超強(qiáng)效的
Capsaicin(辣椒堿,AbMole,M3422)類似物,主要作為瞬時(shí)受體電位香草酸亞型1(TRPV1)的激動(dòng)劑,通過激活TRPV1受體導(dǎo)致鈣離子內(nèi)流,從而誘導(dǎo)神經(jīng)末梢脫敏或消融,影響痛覺信號傳導(dǎo)[1]。Resiniferatoxin在大鼠(Sprague-Dawley)模型中,注射后可顯著減少心臟交感神經(jīng)活動(dòng)(CSNA)并改善電生理參數(shù),如逆轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)作電位時(shí)程延長和減少心室心律失常的發(fā)生[1];Resiniferatoxin( CAS No.:404-86-4)在膀胱傳入神經(jīng)的研究中,皮下注射后(0.3 mg/kg)能脫敏大鼠的Aδ-和C-纖維機(jī)械敏感性傳入神經(jīng)[2]。
Resiniferatoxin(RTX,超強(qiáng)辣素,AbMole,M8144)在細(xì)胞模型中,用于研究TRPV1功能[3];Resiniferatoxin在HEK293細(xì)胞中能介導(dǎo)AP-1轉(zhuǎn)錄因子活性,而不引起細(xì)胞死亡[4]。此外,Resiniferatoxin在動(dòng)物模型中用于誘導(dǎo)神經(jīng)病理性疼痛,如在大鼠腹腔注射后可上調(diào)Schwann細(xì)胞中μ-calpain的表達(dá),導(dǎo)致髓鞘堿性蛋白降解和機(jī)械性痛覺異常,而Calpain抑制劑MDL28170能緩解此效應(yīng);在抗炎研究中,Resiniferatoxin處理能降低小鼠(BALB/c)旋毛蟲感染模型中的血清TNF-α、NO和PGE水平,以及血液嗜酸性粒細(xì)胞百分比,同時(shí)減少肌肉寄生蟲負(fù)擔(dān)[5]。上述這些應(yīng)用證實(shí)了
Resiniferatoxin(RTX,超強(qiáng)辣素,AbMole,M8144)在神經(jīng)科學(xué)和炎癥研究中具有重要的價(jià)值。
參考文獻(xiàn)及鳴謝
[1] Wu, Y.; Hu, Z.; Wang, D.; et al. Resiniferatoxin reduces ventricular arrhythmias in heart failure via selectively blunting cardiac sympathetic afferent projection into spinal cord in rats.
European journal of pharmacology 2020,
867, 172836.
[2] Aizawa, N.; Fukuhara, H.; Fujimura, T.; et al. Direct influence of systemic desensitization by resiniferatoxin on the activities of Adelta- and C-fibers in the rat primary bladder mechanosensitive afferent nerves.
International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association 2016,
23 (11), 952-956.
[3] Barbero, R.; Vercelli, C.; Cuniberti, B.; et al. Expression of functional TRPV1 receptor in primary culture of canine keratinocytes.
Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics 2018,
41 (6), 795-804.
[4] Backes, T. M.; Rossler, O. G.; Hui, X.; et al. Stimulation of TRPV1 channels activates the AP-1 transcription factor.
Biochemical pharmacology 2018,
150, 160-169.
[5] Munoz-Carrillo, J. L.; Munoz-Escobedo, J. J.; Maldonado-Tapia, C. H.; et al. Resiniferatoxin lowers TNF-alpha, NO and PGE(2) in the intestinal phase and the parasite burden in the muscular phase of Trichinella spiralis infection.
Parasite immunology 2017,
39 (1).