Exendin-4(AbMole,M10034)是一種長效胰高血糖素樣肽-1(GLP-1)類似物,通過激動G蛋白偶聯(lián)受體GLP-1R發(fā)揮作用,其機制涉及增強胰島素分泌、調(diào)節(jié)細胞增殖與分化。在細胞實驗中,Exendin-4(CAS No.:141758-74-9)可誘導(dǎo)大鼠胰腺AR42J細胞自噬流障礙并促進凋亡,該效應(yīng)與溶酶體相關(guān)膜蛋白LAMP-2的下調(diào)相關(guān)[1]。在人臍靜脈內(nèi)皮細胞(HUVECs)中,Exendin-4(10 nM)通過激活GLP-1R-Sirt1-Foxo1通路顯著上調(diào)脂聯(lián)素表達[2],并在高糖損傷模型(100 μM葡萄糖)中通過抑制活性氧(ROS)及凋亡蛋白(如降低cleaved caspase-3、Bax,升高Bcl-2)減輕細胞損傷。Exendin-4( CAS No.:141758-74-9)還能通過抑制mTORC1/Akt磷酸化并激活A(yù)MPK通路,抑制卵巢癌細胞系SKOV-3和OVCAR-3的增殖并促進凋亡[3]。
在動物實驗中,
Exendin-4(AbMole,M10034)是在多種模型中展示多效性:糖尿病小鼠(T2DM模型)皮下注射Exendin-4可降低血糖,改善血脂,并下調(diào)炎癥因子IL-6。 非肥胖糖尿。∟OD)小鼠經(jīng)Exendin-4干預(yù)(2–8 μg/kg/天)可調(diào)節(jié)胰島微環(huán)境,增強miR-19b表達以保護胰島細胞[4]。Exendin-4還具有神經(jīng)保護活性:新生小鼠(C57BL/6品系)缺氧缺血后,4次高劑量Exendin-4(0.5 μg/g,間隔12小時)顯著減少腦損傷并維持神經(jīng)保護作用[5]。 Exendin-4在腫瘤研究中也有應(yīng)用,例如小鼠皮下腫瘤模型經(jīng)Exendin-4(10–30 nmol/kg)處理后,腫瘤生長減慢,并伴隨CD8⁺T細胞/調(diào)節(jié)性T細胞比例升高及IFN-γ、IL-2分泌增加[6]。
參考文獻及鳴謝
[1] Li, Z.; Zhu, S.; Huang, L.; et al. Exendin-4 impairs the autophagic flux to induce apoptosis in pancreatic acinar AR42J cells by down-regulating LAMP-2.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2018,
496 (2), 294-301.
[2] Wang, A.; Li, T.; An, P.; et al. Exendin-4 Upregulates Adiponectin Level in Adipocytes via Sirt1/Foxo-1 Signaling Pathway.
PloS one 2017,
12 (1), e0169469.
[3] Badi, R. M.; Khaleel, E. F.; El-Bidawy, M. H.; et al. Exendin-4 Induces Cytotoxic Autophagy in Two Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines through Inhibition of Mtorc1 Mediated by Activation of AMPK and Suppression of Akt.
Folia biologica 2020,
66 (5-6), 186-203.
[4] He, J.; Lian, C.; Fang, Y.; et al. The influence of exendin-4 intervention on -obese diabetic mouse blood and the pancreatic tissue immune microenvironment.
Experimental and therapeutic medicine 2016,
12 (5), 2893-2898.
[5] Rocha-Ferreira, E.; Poupon, L.; Zelco, A.; et al. Neuroprotective exendin-4 enhances hypothermia therapy in a model of hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy.
Brain : a journal of neurology 2018,
141 (10), 2925-2942.
[6] He, L.; Law, P. T. Y.; Wong, C. K.; et al. Exendin-4 Exhibits Enhanced Anti-tumor Effects in Diabetic Mice.
Scientific reports 2017,
7 (1), 1791.